Soil water, soil chemical and crop variations in a clay soil
نویسندگان
چکیده
Spatial properties of field soils vary in a complex manner. Especially in arid and semiarid areas, this variability affects plant quality and crop production. An experimental field plot was extensively sampled regarding soil water (378 gravimetrical samples), soil chemical content (314 samples), and crop yield and chemical content (26 samples) at the Cherfech agricultural field research station in Tunisia. Geostatistical analyses were made to gain a better understanding of the in situ variability of soil water, soil chemical and crop properties. Ranges of correlation were found to vary over distances between 5 and over 40 m. Nugget and sill values for semivariograms were almost an order of magnitude larger for crop samples compared to soil samples. The crop yield components appeared to have larger variability as compared to crop chemical components. Variabilité de l'humidité du sol, de ses propriétés chimiques et des composantes du rendement dans un sol argileux Résumé Les propriétés spatiales des sols varient de manière complexe. Cette variabilité affecte la qualité des récoltes et la production végétale, plus particulièrement dans les zones arides et semi-arides. Une parcelle expérimentale, située dans la station agronomique de recherche de Cherfech en Tunisie, a été échantillonnée pour évaluer la teneur en eau du sol (378 échantillons gravimétriques), sa teneur en éléments chimiques (314 échantillons de sol), la composition chimique des plantes et les composantes du rendement (26 échantillons). Des analyses géostatistiques ont été effectuées en vue d'une meilleure compréhension de la variabilité in situ de la teneur en eau du sol, des propriétés chimiques du sol et des plantes. Les différentes variables étudiées présentent une structure spatiale dont la portée varie entre 5 et plus de 40 m. Les valeurs des effets de pépite et des paliers des semivariogrammes relatifs aux échantillons végétaux sont pratiquement supérieures d'un ordre de grandeur à celles déterminées pour les échantillons de sol. Les composantes du rendement présentent une variabilité plus grande que celle des composantes chimiques des plantes.
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